Decline in Food Inflation in Nigeria, but Affordability Remains a Challenge
Despite the decline in food inflation across Nigeria, many residents of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) have expressed difficulty in purchasing staple food items. Residents, who spoke to the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) on Sunday in Abuja, attributed this issue to low purchasing power and income. They noted that although some food items have slightly reduced in price, the difference is not yet significant enough due to limited income.
According to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the country’s annual food inflation rate dropped to 16.87 per cent in September 2025, down from 21.87 per cent in August. The report indicated that the reduction was largely due to the seasonal harvest of grains such as maize and millet.
In Apo Market, the prices of various food items have seen changes. A bag of local rice, which previously sold at N75,000, is now priced at N57,000. A foreign brand of rice, which once cost between N90,000 and N100,000, is now available for N70,000. Iron beans are currently priced at N108,000, while brown beans cost N118,000—slightly lower than the N135,000 and N145,000 recorded earlier in the year.
White garri, which used to sell for N65,000, is now priced at N60,000. A 25-litre jerrycan of groundnut oil and red oil costs N75,000 and N77,000 respectively. A dustbin basket of pepper is sold for between N2,000 and N2,300, while a similar basket of tomatoes ranges from N5,000 to N6,500, compared to N7,500 sold in September. Onions are currently being sold for N90,000 per bag, with a dustbin basket selling for N4,000 to N4,800.
A kilo of frozen chicken remains at N4,800, while beef and goat meat are sold for N7,500 per kilogram.
At Orange Market, the survey revealed that prices of some food items increased while others dropped in the past two months. A dustbin basket of big red tomatoes is now sold at N6,000, compared with the fluctuating price range of N5,000 to N7,500. A dustbin basket of tatashe is being sold at N5,500, up from N3,500, while onions witnessed a slight increase as a dustbin basket is sold at N4,500, up from between N3,500 and N4,000.
However, the price of pepper dropped significantly; a dustbin basket is being sold at N1,500, down from N3,000. Also, the price of Irish potato dropped significantly. A dustbin basket is sold at N3,700, down from the N7,000 to N8,000 range.
In Wuse Market, a dustbin basket of tomatoes sold for N9,000, while onions of the same measure cost N6,500. Beans sold for N2,500 per measure, and a plate of pepper (rodo) was sold at N2,000.
At Lugbe Market, a 50kg bag of Big Bull rice that previously sold for N95,000 now costs N55,000, while Optimum rice dropped from N65,000 to N56,000. Five tubers of yam that previously sold for N15,000 are now sold for about N8,000, while a mudu of beans dropped from N2,500 to N1,800.
In Nyanya Market, a basket of onions sold between N3,500 and N4,500 as against N6,000 sold in August, while tomatoes went for N3,500 to N5,000, depending on the type. At Lugbe Market, sweet potatoes sold for between N2,500 and N3,000, down from N3,500 to N4,000 last season.
Struggles of Households Despite Price Reductions
The survey revealed that despite the reduction in food prices, many households are struggling to feed and make ends meet due to low income. Mr. John Okeke, a civil servant, said the price reduction had not translated into affordability for the average Nigerian.
“If food prices have dropped, are they affordable to the common man? Has transport reduced? Has fuel reduced? We must consider all these before claiming that the economy is improving,” he said.
Mrs. Agnes Edoh, a nurse and mother of three, also decried the pressure she faced in maintaining her home due to limited funds. Edoh, who acknowledged the reduction in some staple food prices, appealed to the government to do more and increase workers’ salaries to boost their purchasing power.
“Even with this reduction, the money is still not there to purchase these items. After paying rent, school fees, transportation and other miscellaneous, you will discover you have little or nothing left for household care. The government and other relevant bodies should please come to our rescue and improve the economy further for the good of Nigerians,” she said.
Government Interventions and Agricultural Growth
Meanwhile, the Minister of State for Agriculture and Food Security, Mr. Aliyu Sabi, has attributed the decline in prices to improved local production and government intervention programmes. He said the administration’s National Agricultural Growth Scheme (NAGS) Agro-Pocket Programme injected more than 500,000 metric tonnes of wheat and similar volumes of maize, cassava, and other crops into the market, which helped moderate food prices.